{"id":65,"date":"2018-09-17T12:56:41","date_gmt":"2018-09-17T12:56:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/?page_id=65"},"modified":"2018-09-24T11:38:15","modified_gmt":"2018-09-24T11:38:15","slug":"periodo-romantico","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/","title":{"rendered":"Per\u00edodo Romantico"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3775ab4afb\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3775ab4afb\"  aria-label=\"Alternar\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#Contexto_Historico\" >Contexto Hist\u00f3rico<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#O_Romantismo_na_musica\" >O Romantismo na m\u00fasica<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#Beethoven_e_Schubert\" >Beethoven e Schubert<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#A_Orquestra_Romantica\" >A Orquestra Romantica<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#Chopin_%E2%80%93_A_%E2%80%9CMusica_de_Bar%E2%80%9D_do_seculo_XIX\" >Chopin &#8211; A &#8220;M\u00fasica de Bar&#8221; do s\u00e9culo XIX<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#Tchaikovsky_%E2%80%93_Nacionalismo_e_Ballets\" >Tchaikovsky &#8211; Nacionalismo e Ballets<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/leituras-e-ponteiros\/historia-da-musica-ocidental\/periodo-romantico\/#Liszt_e_Paganini_%E2%80%93_Virtuosismo_da_tecnica\" >Liszt e Paganini &#8211; Virtuosismo da t\u00e9cnica<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Contexto_Historico\"><\/span>Contexto Hist\u00f3rico<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O romantismo foi um movimento nas artes, literatura e filosofia muito motivado pelo acesso dos aristocratas ao poder, por causa a primeira revolu\u00e7\u00e3o industrial. Esse movimento de uma forma geral coloca as emo\u00e7\u00f5es intensas como uma forma de est\u00e9tica, se opondo ao humanismo visto no per\u00edodo Cl\u00e1ssico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"O_Romantismo_na_musica\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O Romantismo na m\u00fasica<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O romantismo na m\u00fasica assim como nas outras formas de arte buscava emo\u00e7\u00f5es intensas e latentes, por isso os compositores do per\u00edodo buscavam uma composi\u00e7\u00e3o mais crua, menos exata do que o observado no per\u00edodo Cl\u00e1ssico. Isso era motivado principalmente por uma busca de personalidade nas pe\u00e7as.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Isso faz com que as regras de tonalidade do per\u00edodo cl\u00e1ssico fossem substitu\u00eddas por disson\u00e2ncias, cromatismo e novas modula\u00e7\u00f5es. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"F. Chopin : Etude op. 10 no. 3 in E major &quot;Tristesse&quot; (Pollini)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/82okhQiaPs0?start=117&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Din\u00e2mica e m\u00e9trica passam a ser subvertidas no per\u00edodo, com nota\u00e7\u00f5es originais de cada autor (como <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fff<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ou <\/span><em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ppp<\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), al\u00e9m de um uso de rubato, que distorce a m\u00e9trica sem uma necessidade de escrita formal na partitura, como o vigente at\u00e9 o romantismo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Chopin - Fantaisie Impromptu, Op. 66 (Rubinstein)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/75x6DncZDgI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Beethoven_e_Schubert\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beethoven e Schubert<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Embora Beethoven fosse um dos maiores expoentes do per\u00edodo cl\u00e1ssico, suas sinfonias e algumas de suas sonatas abriram as portas para o romantismo com um grande impacto de sua emo\u00e7\u00e3o na composi\u00e7\u00e3o, retirando a m\u00fasica do lugar sagrado e restrito em que ela ocorria durante o fim do barroco e in\u00edcio do cl\u00e1ssico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Ludwig van Beethoven - Piano Sonata No. 23 &quot;Appassionata&quot;, Op. 57 [Complete] (Piano Solo)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QImFm4Y_QPM?start=133&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Beethoven: Sonata &quot;Pathetique&quot; Op. 13 - I. Grave. Allegro di molto e con brio\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kqvBJc9IovI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Schubert ao mesmo tempo, embora n\u00e3o fosse um grande expoente para os contempor\u00e2neos cl\u00e1ssicos, utilizava t\u00e9cnicas caracter\u00edsticas do per\u00edodo rom\u00e2ntico em suas obras, como grande expressividade e melodias simples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Franz Schubert - Erlk\u00f6nig (Sheet music and lyrics)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XoBo8dlPcQo?start=18&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_Orquestra_Romantica\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Orquestra Romantica<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Durante o Romantismo ocorre a melhoria da orquestra, que teve seus princ\u00edpios durante o Classicismo. Por causa da revolu\u00e7\u00e3o industrial, uma grande popula\u00e7\u00e3o teve acesso a m\u00fasica, fazendo com que as orquestras duplicassem em tamanho, tomando uma forma muito pr\u00f3xima ou igual \u00e0 maioria das orquestras atuais, agregando a elas metais e percuss\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chopin_%E2%80%93_A_%E2%80%9CMusica_de_Bar%E2%80%9D_do_seculo_XIX\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chopin &#8211; A &#8220;M\u00fasica de Bar&#8221; do s\u00e9culo XIX<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Possivelmente o compositor mais importante para piano do per\u00edodo rom\u00e2ntico foi Chopin. Por compor basicamente para apenas um instrumento, ele estendeu t\u00e9cnicas e colocou o piano como um dos principais instrumentos do per\u00edodo, aliado a presen\u00e7a desse instrumento nas casas dos aristocratas. Suas composi\u00e7\u00f5es aliam t\u00e9cnica \u00e0s intensas emo\u00e7\u00f5es do momento, fazendo com que os pianistas do per\u00edodo tivessem diversos estudos, mazurkas, noturnos, valsas e sonatas muito caracter\u00edsticas, popularizando o instrumento.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com.br\/url?sa=i&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=images&amp;cd=&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjK1MHdisLdAhUIx5AKHdwDCVEQjRx6BAgBEAU&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historiadasartes.com%2Fsom-camera-acao%2Fmusica%2Fos-conjuntos-musicais%2F&amp;psig=AOvVaw0cYJ-auvuJ0XZzithvRKxW&amp;ust=1537275230249651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">exemplo visual de disposi\u00e7\u00e3o de instrumentos em uma orquestra romantica<\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Chopin - Waltz Op. 64 No. 2 (Rubinstein)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hOcryGEw1NY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Chopin - Polonaise, Op. 53 (Kissin)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8QT7ITv9Ecs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seus \u00faltimos trabalhos tem tend\u00eancias impressionistas, fugindo de tons e melodias puras, dando os primeiros passos para o escape das t\u00e9cnicas de virtuosidade que inclusive ele influenciou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Chopin - Trois nouvelles etudes (audio + sheet music)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QPpPURAMkQk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tchaikovsky_%E2%80%93_Nacionalismo_e_Ballets\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tchaikovsky &#8211; Nacionalismo e Ballets<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Outro movimento aflorado na maioria dos compositores do romantismo era um sentimento ufanista em suas m\u00fasicas, por causa de caracter\u00edsticas pessoais das composi\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Um compositor not\u00e1vel por isso foi Tchaikovsky, que al\u00e9m disso popularizou as composi\u00e7\u00f5es para grandes ballets, que eram uma caracter\u00edstica nacionalista em seu pa\u00eds: a R\u00fassia. \u00a0Em suas pe\u00e7as vemos um grande impacto das pe\u00e7as tradicionais russas al\u00e9m de uma grande populariza\u00e7\u00e3o do uso de suas pe\u00e7as internacionalmente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tsjaikovski, P.I. mvt1 (begin) violin concerto\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Zl6JGTfrwE0?start=49&#038;feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tchaikovsky - The Nutcracker Suite, Op. 71a (Sheet Music)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EzFQYCac92s?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tchaikovsky - Swan Lake Waltz\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CShopT9QUzw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Liszt_e_Paganini_%E2%80%93_Virtuosismo_da_tecnica\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liszt e Paganini &#8211; Virtuosismo da t\u00e9cnica<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O treino vigoroso e a melhoria nas t\u00e9cnicas de luteria do movimento rom\u00e2ntico foram o passo necess\u00e1rio para o surgimento de uma nova categoria de instrumentistas que exploraram o que era conhecido em seus instrumentos at\u00e9 ent\u00e3o ao m\u00e1ximo. Isso em uni\u00e3o \u00e0 populariza\u00e7\u00e3o da m\u00fasica deu origem aos grandes astros da \u00e9poca &#8211; os virtuosos. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Esses eram instrumentistas que eram ex\u00edmios em aptid\u00f5es t\u00e9cnicas, com uma destreza e agilidade que impressionaram todo o p\u00fablico. Embora contradizentes \u00e0 alguns contempor\u00e2neos, esses instrumentistas exploraram \u00a0tudo que se conhecia como tom puro dos instrumentos populares do per\u00edodo. Os virtuosos mais memor\u00e1veis s\u00e3o Liszt e Paganini.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Liszt: Transcendental Etudes S.139 (Clidat, Ovchinnikov, Kissin)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1O4h0AapdbQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Liszt: Liebestraum No. 3, Notturno (Barenboim)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Y4XEPdYO5mM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Paganini Kreisler - La Campanella\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LJNWB-jMhB4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Paganini, Niccolo violinc.1 mvt 3 Rondo: Allegro spiritoso\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eU33YV1h5us?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contexto Hist\u00f3rico O romantismo foi um movimento nas artes, literatura e filosofia muito motivado pelo acesso dos aristocratas ao poder, por causa a primeira revolu\u00e7\u00e3o industrial. Esse movimento de uma forma geral coloca as emo\u00e7\u00f5es intensas como uma forma de est\u00e9tica, se opondo ao humanismo visto no per\u00edodo Cl\u00e1ssico. &nbsp; O Romantismo na m\u00fasica O [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":61,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-65","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103,"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/65\/revisions\/103"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/61"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/timba.nics.unicamp.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}